Hand held hair drying appliance

ABSTRACT

A hand held hair drying appliance particularly useful in the styling or shaping of hair including a tubular housing having two spaced inlets, an outlet disposed between the two inlets and a tubular handle portion formed by said housing; a heating element disposed in the housing between the inlets; first and second fans arranged in the housing to force air from the inlets toward the outlet; the first and second fans each having blades extending radially from the axis of rotation, the blades of the first fan having a pitch opposite the pitch of the blades of the second fan such that the first and second fans form oppositely directed currents of air when rotated in the same direction; and a motor disposed in the handle for driving the fans whereby air is drawn into the housing through the inlets, moved past the heating element and expelled through the outlet in a direction transverse to the axis of the housing for drying hair.

United States Patent Walter et al.

[451 May 20, 1975 1 HAND HELD HAIR DRYING APPLIANCE Primary ExaminerA. Bartis 75 l W 1t T. l 1 mentors gi g f g g gz g? Attorney, Agent, or Firm-David J. Mugford; George Conn A. Mentis; Richard H. Brink [73] Assignee: Clairol Incorporated, New York,

Y [57] ABSTRACT [22] Filed: Feb. 28, 1973 I A hand held hair drying appliance particularly useful Appl' 336562 in the styling or shaping of hair including a tubular housing having two spaced inlets, an outlet disposed [52] U.S. Cl. 219/367; 34/97; 132/118; between the two inlets and a tubular handle portion 219/370; 219/373; 415/102 formed by said housing; a heating element disposed in [51] Int. Cl H05b [/00; A45d 20/10; F24h 3/04 the housing between the inlets; first and second fans [58] Field of Search 219/366-371, arranged in the housing to force air from the inlets to- 219/373, 379, 380; 34/96-101, 243; 415/98, ward the outlet; the first and second fans each having 101 102; 132/1 12-1 16, 9; 128/256, 257 blades extending radially from the axis of rotation, the blades of the first fan having a pitch opposite the pitch [56] References Cited of the blades of the second fan such that the first and UNlTED STATES PATENTS second fans form oppositely directed currents of air I 790 283 M93 Pickard 34/99 when rotated in the same direction; and a motor dis- 883 972 10 1932 Kunianet alfix:1111;121:1111: 34 99 Posed in the handle for driving the fans whereby is 2:126:581 8/1938 Samuels 219/370 UX drawn into the housing through the inlets, moved past 2,300,475 1 [/1942 Ward 219/370 UX the heating element and expelled through the outlet in 2,478,559 8/1949 Bergeron 219/373 X a direction transverse to the axis of the housing for 2,552,470 5/1951 Wahlberg........ 219/370 UX drying hair. 2,608,441 8/1952 Daugherty 415/102 X 3,308,268 3/1967 Lalng 219/370 13 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 256,264 8/1967 Austria 370/ 45 a '56 1 )I i I 1 -15 DC. M07719 HAND HELD HAIR DRYING APPLIANCE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the invention The present invention pertains to appliances for drying hair and, more particularly, to hand held hair drying appliances adapted to have attachments mounted thereon to facilitate styling or shaping of hair.

2. Discussion of the prior art Hand held hair drying appliances normally include a housing in which are disposed a motor driving a fan to impel air past a heating element and through an outlet in the housing such that heated air is expelled from the housing for use in drying hair. In order to permit such hair dryers to be utilized to style or shape hair, attach ments such as brushes, combs, nozzles, and the like have been mounted thereon to act on the hair as heated air is supplied to the hair.

In order to provide sufficient air flow for effective drying, prior art hair drying appliances have utilized housing and brush and comb geometry normally of a rectangular configuration in that the heated air provided by the hair dryers is normally expelled in a direction transverse to the axis of the housing thereby requiring the use of centrifugal, cross flow or tangential fans with housings configured to accommodate the same. Accordingly, prior art hair drying appliances have had the disadvantages of not being useful in shaping the hair due to their configurations and, further, of being bulky and awkward to handle by the user,

In order to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages. it has been proposed to utilize an axial fan to blow air over the heater thereby permitting the housing to have a cylindrical configuration; however, the use of an axial fan in a housing having a diameter small enough to be utilized in the styling or shaping of hair has not been found to supply sufficient air flow for effective drying. That is, styling or shaping of hair is a function of the diameter of the mandrel over which the hair is wound, and a housing for an axial fan of dimensions to provide sufficient hot air for drying is too large for effective use in styling or shaping hair. Attempts to reduce the diameter of the housing while maintaining a cylindrical configuration have included the use of double-staged fans and varying blade angles among others; however. such attempts have not been effective in increasing the volume of heated air expelled from the hair dryer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a hand held hair drying appliance overcoming the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art while having a sleek, cylindrical housing with a diameter sufficiently small to permit its use as a mandrel in the styling or shaping of hair.

Another object of the present invention is to utilize a pair of oppositely pitched, axial fans in a hand held hair drying appliance to direct air in opposite directions toward a centrally disposed outlet over a heating element in order to increase the the volume of heated air expelled without increasing the size of the housing of the hair drying appliance.

An additional object of the present invention is to utilize a single motor to drive a pair of oppositely pitched, axial fans by means of a common shaft in a hand held hair drying appliance.

The present invention has a further object in the foreing of air currents in opposite directions through a cylindrical housing of a hand held hair drying appliance for movement past a centrally disposed heating element.

Yet, another object of the present invention is to con struct a hand held hair drying appliance having a slim configuration with improved styling and drying characteristics.

Some of the advantages of the hand held hair drying appliance of the present invention over the prior art are that a sufficient volume of heated air for drying hair can be supplied while maintaining a sleek. cylindrical configuration, a conventional, low cost motor can be utilized to drive the hair dryer, and the hair drying appliance can be easily handled by a user with one hand during hair styling or shaping.

The present invention is generally characterized in a hand held hair drying appliance having a tubular housing having two spaced inlets, an outlet disposed between the two inlets and a tubular handle portion formed by said housing; a heating element disposed in the housing between the inlets; first and second fans arranged in the housing to force air from the inlets toward the outlet; the first and second fans each having blades extending radially from the axis of rotation, the blades of the first fan having a pitch opposite the pitch of the blades of the second fan such that the first and second fans form oppositely directed currents of air when rotated in the same direction; and a motor disposed in the handle for driving the fans whereby air is drawn into the housing through the inlets, moved past the heating element and expelled through the outlet in a direction transverse to the axis of the housing for drying hair.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiment taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of a hand held hair drying appliance according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a section taken along line 2-2 of FIG. I.

FIG. 3 is a partial section taken along line 33 of FIG. 1.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A hand held hair drying appliance 10 according to the present invention is illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 and includes a housing 12, which can be constructed of upper and lower housing members, and forms a cylindrical handle I4 and a cylindrical head 16 having a di ameter slightly greater than the diameter of handle 14 and connected thereto at a neck I8.

A cylindrical extension 22 engages the open end of handle 14 and a switching circuit 24 is mounted therein and operated by an actuator 26 which is controlled by a rod 28 extending from an end cap 30 engaging extension 22 and rotatable relative thereto. Rotation of the end cap causes movement of the rod 28 to control actuator 26, and switching circuit 24 includes conventional circuitry responsive to the position of actuator 26 for providing the hair drying appliance [0 with various modes of operation, such modes of operation being preferably denoted by indicia carried on the surface of the extension 22 for alignment with an indexing mark on end cap 30.

Adaptors 32 and 34 are mounted in axially spaced relation within handle 14 to support thercbetween a DC motor 36 by means of O-rings 38 and 40. The DC motor 36 receives electricity from switching circuit 24 through a rectifier 42. A rotor 44 of motor 36 is fixed to a flexible coupling 46 which carries a pin diametrally fixed to a shaft 48 such that rotation of the rotor 44 of the motor 36 is imparted to the shaft 48.

Head 16 has an end cap 50 mounted thereon, the end cap 50 having a bearing 52 therein in which is journalled the end of shaft 48, the shaft 48 also being journalled in a bearing 54 mounted in adaptor 32 such that the shaft 48 is maintained in precise coaxial alignment with the housing 12.

A heating assembly 54 is mounted in head 16 and includes a mica support structure 56 across which a plurality of hot wire heating elements 58 extend in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing 12. The heating elements 58 are connected with switching circuit 24 by suitable wires, not shown, such that the voltage supplied to the heating elements can be controlled by rotation of the end cap 30.

A plurality of inlet openings 60 are formed in the periphery of housing 12 along handle 14 at neck 18, and a plurality of inlet openings 62 are formed in end cap 50 spaced from inlet 60. An outlet opening 63 is formed by longitudinally extending slots in the periph ery of head 16 such that the outlet 63 is disposed in the space between inlets 60 and 62 to permit air flow through the head 16 in opposite directions to be expelled through outlet 63 after movement past heating assembly 54. A pair of axial fans 64 and 66 are fixed to shaft 48 and disposed in head 16 adjacent inlets 60 and 62, respectively, Fan 64 has a hub 68 spaced from the end ofadaptor 32 by a spacer 70 and blades 72 radially extending from hub 68. Adaptor 32 is formed with an arcuate peripheral surface 74 to channel air into the housing 12 through inlet openings 60 past the fan 64, the channel formed by the arcuate peripheral surface 74 having an annular configuration corresponding to the length of the blades 72. Axial fan 66 similarly has a hub 76 spaced from end cap 50 by a spacer 78 and blades 80 radially extending therefrom. The inlet openings 62 formed in end cap 50 correspond in size to the length of blades 80 in order to channel air past the fan 66. The blades 72 of fan 64 have a pitch opposite to the pitch of the blades 80 of fan 66 such that rotation of both fans in the same direction creates oppositely di rected air currents, such air currents drawing air into the housing through inlets 60 and 62, respectively, in opposite directions when the common drive shaft 48 for the fans is rotated in the direction indicated by arrow 82. If desired, baffles 84 can be symmetrically formed within head 16, as shown in phantom in FIG. 1, to aid in the deflection of the axial air currents formed by fans 64 and 66 to expel heated air transverse to the axis of the housing.

In operation, end cap 30 is rotated in order to align the indexing mark thereon with the desired indicia carried on extension 22 with the rotation of the end cap moving the actuator 26 to set the switching circuit 24 to operate the hair drying appliance in the selected mode of operation. To this end, switching circuit 24 supplies electricity to heating elements 58 with a predetermined voltage to control the temperature thereof;

and, similarly, controls the DC voltage supplied to electric motor 36 to control the speed of rotation thereof. A suitable attachment for styling or shaping hair, such a brush, comb, or nozzle. can be mounted on heat 16 of the housing 12 in alignment with outlet opening 63; and, thereafter the hair drying appliance can be utilized to dry and style or shape the hair as desired. it being appreciated that the cylindrical configuration of the head 16 of the housing permits the head to be used as a mandrel in styling or shaping the hair.

The motor 36, shaft 48 and fans 64 and 66 form a blower disposed in the housing for drawing first and second currents of air into the housing through the inlets 60 and 62 and directing the first and second air currents along the axis of the housing in opposite directions toward the space between the fans with the air being heated by the heating assembly 54 and radially expelled through the outlet 63 in a direction transverse to the axis of the housing. The total area of the inlet openings 60 and 62 is preferably one and a half times as great as the area of the outlet opening 63; and, if desired, inlet openings can be disposed along the handle 14 such that air flows past the motor 36 for cooling.

The hand held hair drying appliance 10, as described above, thus provides a high volume of heated air without requiring a large or irregularly configured housing; and, accordingly, the tubular housing 12 preferably has a cylindrical configuration with a diameter conforming to the diameter of the fans 64 and 66 in order to provide an elongate, sleek configuration. round in cross section that is easily held and manipulated by a user, For instance, it has been found that heated air can be expelled at a rate of 40 cu.ft./min. with the head of the housing having a diameter of 13 inches thereby providing sufficient heated air flow to effectively dry hair while the diameter and configuration of the housing is such as to be utilized in the styling or shaping of hair.

Inasmuch as the present. invention is subject to many variations, modifications and changes in detail, it is intended that all subject matter described above or shown in the accompanying drawings be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense,

What is claimed is:

l. A hand held hair drying appliance comprising a tubular housing having first inlet means therein, second inlet means therein spaced from said first inlet means, outlet means in the peripheral wall of said housing and disposed between said first and second inlet means and a tubular handle portion formed by said housing; heating means disposed in said housing between said first and second inlet means, first and second fans arranged in said housing to force air from said first and second inlet means toward said outlet means; said first and second fans each having blades extending radially from the axis of rotation thereof, said blades of said first fan having a pitch opposite the pitch of said blades of said second fan such that said first and second fans form oppositely directed currents of air when rotated in the same direction; and motor means disposed in said handle for driving said first and second fans whereby air is drawn into said housing through said first and second inlet means, moved past said heating means and expelled through said outlet means to provide heated air for drying hair,

2. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 1 wherein said motor means includes a common drive shaft fixed to said first and second fans and a single motor rotating said drive shaft.

3. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 2 wherein said outlet means is formed by at least one longitudinally extending slot in the periphery of 5 said housing such that heated air is expelled from said outlet means in a direction transverse to the axis of said housing.

4. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 3 wherein said first and second fans provide oppositely directed currents of air through said first and second inlet means toward said outlet means, respectively.

5. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 4 wherein said housing has a cylindrical configuration 6. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 5 wherein said first inlet means is formed by openings in the periphery of said housing and said second inlet means is formed by openings in an end of said housing.

7. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 6 wherein said housing includes an end cap rotatably mounting an end of said common drive shaft adjacent said second inlet means and an adaptor rotatably mounting said common drive shaft adjacent said first inlet means and having an arcuate configuration to channel air from said openings forming said first inlet means toward said outlet means.

8. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 7 wherein said housing includes a head having a cylindrical configuration with said end cap mounted at one end thereof and a handle having a cylindrical configuration with a diameter less than the diameter of said head, said head being connected with said handle by a neck at an opposite end, said openings forming said first inlet means being disposed adjacent said neck, said openings forming said second inlet means being disposed in said end cap and said motor being disposed in said handle.

9. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 1 wherein said housing has a cylindrical configuration.

10. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second fans provide oppositely direction currents of air through said first and second inlet means toward said outlet means, respec' tively, the air expelled from said outlet means being forced in a direction transverse to the axis of said housing.

11. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 1 wherein said motor means includes a common drive shaft fixed to said first and second fans and a single electric motor rotating said drive shaft.

12. A hand held hair drying appliance comprising a tubular housing having first and second spaced inlet opening means therein for passage of air drawn into said housing, outlet opening means in the peripheral wall of said housing and disposed in said space between said first and second inlet opening means for passage of air expelled from said housing and a tubular handle portion formed by said housing; heating means disposed in said housing in said space between said first and second inlet opening means adjacent said outlet opening means for heating air expelled from said housing; and blower means disposed in said housing for drawing a first current of air into said housing through said first inlet opening means and directing said first air current toward said outlet opening means for drawing a second current of air into said housing through said second inlet opening means and directing said second air current toward said outlet opening means, said first and second air currents extending axially along said tubular housing in opposite directions, and for expelling said first and second air currents past said heating means through said outlet opening means to provide heated air for drying hair.

13. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 12 wherein said blower means includes first and second axially aligned fans having radially extending blades with opposite pitches. 

1. A hand held hair drying appliance comprising a tubular housing having first inlet means therein, second inlet means therein spaced from said first inlet means, outlet means in the peripheral wall of said housing and disposed between said first and second inlet means and a tubular handle portion formed by said housing; heating means disposed in said housing between said first and second inlet means; first and second fans arranged in said housing to force air from said first and second inlet means toward said outlet means; said first and second fans each having blades extending radially from the axis of rotation thereof, said blades of said first fan having a pitch opposite the pitch of said blades of said second fan such that said first and second fans form oppositely directed currents of air when rotated in the same direction; and motor means disposed in said handle for driving said first and second fans whereby air is drawn into said housing through said first and second inlet means, moved past said heating means and expelled through said outlet means to provide heated air for drying hair.
 2. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 1 wherein said motor means includes a common drive shaft fixed to said first and second fans and a single motor rotating said drive shaft.
 3. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 2 wherein said outlet means is formed by at least one longitudinally extending slot in the periphery of said housing such that heated air is expelled from said outlet means in a direction transverse to the axis of said housing.
 4. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 3 wherein said first and second fans provide oppositely directed currents of air through said first and second inlet means toward said outlet means, respectively.
 5. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 4 wherein said housing has a cylindricAl configuration.
 6. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 5 wherein said first inlet means is formed by openings in the periphery of said housing and said second inlet means is formed by openings in an end of said housing.
 7. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 6 wherein said housing includes an end cap rotatably mounting an end of said common drive shaft adjacent said second inlet means and an adaptor rotatably mounting said common drive shaft adjacent said first inlet means and having an arcuate configuration to channel air from said openings forming said first inlet means toward said outlet means.
 8. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 7 wherein said housing includes a head having a cylindrical configuration with said end cap mounted at one end thereof and a handle having a cylindrical configuration with a diameter less than the diameter of said head, said head being connected with said handle by a neck at an opposite end, said openings forming said first inlet means being disposed adjacent said neck, said openings forming said second inlet means being disposed in said end cap and said motor being disposed in said handle.
 9. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 1 wherein said housing has a cylindrical configuration.
 10. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 1 wherein said first and second fans provide oppositely direction currents of air through said first and second inlet means toward said outlet means, respectively, the air expelled from said outlet means being forced in a direction transverse to the axis of said housing.
 11. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 1 wherein said motor means includes a common drive shaft fixed to said first and second fans and a single electric motor rotating said drive shaft.
 12. A hand held hair drying appliance comprising a tubular housing having first and second spaced inlet opening means therein for passage of air drawn into said housing, outlet opening means in the peripheral wall of said housing and disposed in said space between said first and second inlet opening means for passage of air expelled from said housing and a tubular handle portion formed by said housing; heating means disposed in said housing in said space between said first and second inlet opening means adjacent said outlet opening means for heating air expelled from said housing; and blower means disposed in said housing for drawing a first current of air into said housing through said first inlet opening means and directing said first air current toward said outlet opening means for drawing a second current of air into said housing through said second inlet opening means and directing said second air current toward said outlet opening means, said first and second air currents extending axially along said tubular housing in opposite directions, and for expelling said first and second air currents past said heating means through said outlet opening means to provide heated air for drying hair.
 13. A hand held hair drying appliance as recited in claim 12 wherein said blower means includes first and second axially aligned fans having radially extending blades with opposite pitches. 